Eegenskapen
Algemian
Nööm, Symbool, Numer
Hafnium, Hf, 72
Seerie
Auergungsmetal
Skööl, Periode, Blook
4 , 6 , d
Klöör, Skak
stialgrä
CAS-Numer
7440-58-6
Uundial
4,2 ppm[ 1]
Atomaar [ 2]
Atoommase
178,49(2)[ 3] u
Atoomraadius (bereegent)
155 (208) pm
Kovalent-Raadius
150 pm
Elektroonen
[Xe ] 4f 14 5d2 6s 2
1. Ionisiarang
658,5 kJ /mol
2. Ionisiarang
1440 kJ/mol
3. Ionisiarang
2250 kJ/mol
4. Ionisiarang
3216 kJ/mol
Füsikaalisk [ 2]
Tustant
fäät
Feranrangen
tau (α-/β-Hf)
Kristal
hexagonaal
Sachthaid
13,28 g/cm3 (25 °C )[ 4]
Hardhaid
5,5
Magnetismus
paramagneetisk [ 5] (Χm = 7,0 · 10−5 )[ 6]
Smoltponkt
2506 K (2233 °C)
Köögponkt
4876 K[ 7] K (4603 °C)
Molaar Rüm
13,44 · 10−6 m3 /mol
Dampwaremk
648 kJ/mol[ 7] kJ/mol
Smoltwaremk
25,5 kJ/mol
Dampdruk
0,00013[ 8] Pa bei 1970 K
Faard faan a tuun
3010 m/s bi 293,15 K
Waremk
140 J/(kg · K)
Elektrisk struumfeerang
3,12 · 106 A/(V · m)
Waremkfeerang
23 W /(m · K)
Cheemisk [ 2]
Oksidatsionstustant
4
Sür of baasisk
amfoteer
Normoolpotentiaal
−1,505 V (HfO2 + 4 H+ + 4 e− → Hf + 2 H2 O)
Elektronegatiwiteet
1,3 (Pauling-Skala)
Isotoopen
Muar isotoopen bi List faan isotoopen
NMR -Eegenskapen
Seekerhaid
Muar wäärnangen
MAK -miat
Sweits: 0,5 mg·m−3 (stoof)[ 10]
Miast wurd SI -ianhaiden brükt.
Hafnium as en cheemisk element mä det ufkörtang Hf an det atoomnumer 72 . Hat as en grä auergungsmetal .
↑ Harry H. Binder: Lexikon der chemischen Elemente. S. Hirzel Verlag 1999, ISBN 3-7776-0736-3 .
↑ A taalen för't infobox kem miast faan www.webelements.com (Hafnium) .
↑ CIAAW, Standard Atomic Weights Revised 2013 .
↑ N. N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw: Chemie der Elemente. 1. aplaag. 1988, ISBN 3-527-26169-9 , S. 1231.
↑ C. J. Kriessman, T. R. McGuire: Magnetic Susceptibility of Hafnium and Manganese. In: Physical Review. 98, 4, 1955, S. 936–937, doi:10.1103/PhysRev.98.936 .
↑ Robert C. Weast (Hrsg.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . CRC (Chemical Rubber Publishing Company), Boca Raton 1990, ISBN 0-8493-0470-9 , S. E-129 bit E-145. Wäärser diar uun g/mol an uun cgs -ianhaiden. Heer amreegent tu SI -wäärs.
↑ 7,0 7,1 Yiming Zhang, Julian R. G. Evans, Shoufeng Yang: Corrected Values for Boiling Points and Enthalpies of Vaporization of Elements in Handbooks. Uun: Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data . 56, 2011, S. 328–337, doi:10.1021/je1011086 .
↑ 8,0 8,1 Iindraanj tu Hafnium, Pulver uun't GESTIS-dootenbeenk faan't IFA , ufrepen di 30. April 2017 (mä JavaScript) .
↑ Dootenbleed Hafnium, powder, −325 mesh, 99.5% trace metals basis (purity excludes ~2% zirconium), contains 1:10 pentanol to water solution as stabilizer bi Sigma-Aldrich, ufrepen di 3. Mai 2017.
↑ Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt (SUVA): Aktuel MAK- an BAT-wäärser